Employee Retention Techniques Essays

Employee Retention Techniques Essays Employee Retention Techniques Paper Employee Retention Techniques Paper The project work titled, â€Å"A Study on Employee Retention Techniques among employes in Salem District Milk Producers Union Limited†. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the employee turnover level of the company. Employee is not an economic factor but a total personality having his own feelings and a sense of responsibilities towards his family, the industry and the nation. The worker has a vital role in increasing productivity and management has to create conditions in which worker can make their maximum contribution towards the objectives of fulfilling the essential needs of the community. One of the most significant factors determining the productivity and advancement of industries lies in the efficiency and experience of workers. The employee turnover level will be high means it is difficult to retain them. So the organization is to identify the factors and find out way to retain them. The secondary objective of the study is to analyze the problems and difficulties faced by the HR managers in retaining and motivating the key employees in the organization. The research methodology is a systematic way to solve the research problem. The descriptive research design is used in this project. The major purpose of descriptive research is description of the state of affairs as it exists at present. The type of sampling used for the study is simple random sampling. The research was conducted in salem district milk producers union ltd. The sample size of this study is 100. Questionnaire is used to collect the data. There are two type of questions used in this study. First is open ended questions and second one is multiple choice questions. After the collection of data, analysis and interpretation has been done by using statistical tools such as simple percentage, chi test. Findings of the study is reveals that the company is first satisfied internal customers so it is suggested that the company is provided the better compensation. 2 1. 2. Statement of the problem Employees are incomparable resources and cannot be substituted by other factors of production. The employee turnover level will be high means it is difficult to retain them. So the organization is to identify the factors and find out way to retain them. Hence, the causes of this must be investigated and effective retention strategies must be done and implemented in order to better understand these circumstances 3 1. 3. Scope of the study This study tries to understand the meaning of retention and the study is only related to employee retention techniques and unrelated to all other HR concepts, the survey is not conducted all over industry and only in Salem District Milk Producers Union Ltd. to employees and executive level. This study aims to know the reasons for employees leaving the jobs and come out with findings and suggestions which will help the HR managers to retain their skilled employees. 4 1. 4. Objectives of the study PRIMARY OBJECTIVE: To identify the labour turnover of the Salem District Milk Producers Union Limited.. SECONDARY OBJECTIVE: To find out how to reta in the employees through motivation techniques in Salem District Milk Producers Union ltd. To analyze the problems and difficulties faced by the HR managers in retaining and motivating the key employees in the organization. To offer suitable suggestions to improve the labour turnover level of. Salem District Milk Producers Union ltd 5 1. 5. Limitations of the study * It was difficult to meet all the respondents in the unit due to shift constraints. * The respondents were reluctant to answer due to their busy schedule. * This study is restricted to Salem District Milk Producers Union Ltd. 6 1. 6 CHAPTERIZATION: Chapter – I The first chapter deals with the introduction of the concept of Empolyee retention Chapter- II The second chapter deals with the concept and review of related literature. Chapter-III The third chapter deals with the research methodology that contain the research design, sampling detail, data collection details, tools which is used in the study. Chapter-IV The fourth chapter deals with the analysis and interpretation of data. Chapter-V The fifth chapter highlights the findings, suggestions, recommendation and conclusion. CHAPTER – II CONCEPTS AND REVIEW 7 CHAPTER II Concept and review of literature 2. 1. Concept of employee retention techniques Retention will be a challenge, according to a recent study. Retention requires a competitive salary and great benefits. However, retention of your best requires a whole lot more. Employee involvement, recognition, advancement, development and pay based on performance just get you started in your quest to retain your best. An employee retention program boosts the bottom line and improves customer Satisfaction. Employers know only too well the tightening effect that continued growth has had on the labor market. Human resources publications constantly are regaling employers with tales of employers competing for scarce employees using techniques like allowing employees to bring their pets to work or hosting job fairs for convicts. Losing key employees is more than an inconvenience. Employee retention problems cost your organization money and time when you have to find and train replacements. In addition, a low employee retention rate drags down employee morale, hampers long-range planning and negatively impacts customer opinion. If a company cant keep its best employees, then it gains a reputation as a bad place to work and a company others dont want to do business with. Business owners need to put an employee retention plan in place to keep and recruit top employees. Although money plays a part in retention of employees, you might be surprised to learn that its not the most important factor in employee retention. 1. Clear communication of job requirements and performance expectations. 2. Efficient use of your employees skills and talents. 3. Appropriate training and supervision. 4. Opportunities for employees to learn new skills and advance in the company. 5. Consistent rewards and recognition for employee performance. 8 A few methods to reduce labor turnover are as follows: 1. Improve factory –working conditions 2. Handle workers grievances faithfully. 3. Don’t abuse or fire workers for petty matters. 4. Try to minimize fluctuations in the work. 5. Give appropriate wages and incentives to the workers. 6. Take care of employees’ health and welfare. 7. Adopt safety and good house keeping practices. 8. Motivate the employees and try to light up their morale. 9. Be impartial in the matters of promotion and Transfers. 2. 1. 1 EMPLOYEE RETENTION MEANING: Employee retention involves taking measures to encourage employees to remain in the organization for the maximum period of time. Corporate is facing a lot problem in employee retention these days. Hiring knowledgeable people for the job is essential for an employer. But retention is even more important than hiring. There is no dearth of opportunities for talented person. There are many organizations which are looking for such employees. If a person is not satisfied by the job he’s doing, he may switch over to some other more suitable job. In today’s environment it becomes very important for organizations to retain their employee. 2. 1. 2 DEFINITION: Employee retention is a process in which the employees are encouraged to remain with the organization for the maximum period of time or until the completion of the project. Employee retention is beneficial for the organization as well as the employee. 9 2. 2. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE Khatri, Budhwar and Fern. (2001) indicated that there is dearth of research studies examining employee turnover in Asian and developing countries contexts where this problem has given sleepless nights to HR managers and they put emphasis on the need to carry out research in Asian countries contexts. They further reported that there are very few research studies examining the issue of turnover in Asian context and such investigations have used a limited number of variables with small samples, thus this raises concerns of model specification and generalization. In a more recent article Baruch Budhwar (2006) repeated the call to widen perspectives of turnover research beyond the boundaries of western cultures. Khawaja et al. (2005) used descriptive qualitative research design based on 45 Interviews from registered nurses in Tertiary Care University Hospital, Pakistan Concluded that under-stressed, frustrated and demoralized nurses leave. They further point out that turnover problem is common in all parts of the world including developing countries; however, it has not been examined in Pakistan’s context. A study conducted by Khawaja and Nansey (1999) indicated that nursing turnover from1996 to 1999 has remained above 30%. 10 2. 3 COMPANY PROFILE The Salem District Co-operative Milk Producers Union Limited is a replica of the District Milk Union in Gujarat state based on the famed â€Å"AMUL† system. The Salem Milk Union is, therefore sandwiched in the middle of the 3-tier system popularly know as the â€Å"ANAND† District level and the primary Cooperative societies at the village level. The Salem District Milk Union was registered on 10. 07. 1978 and started functioning on 07. 10. 1978 . Its Area of operation is the entire Salem. District . Milk is now supplied from 1101 primary Milk Co-operative societies to the feeder-balancing Dairy directly and through the chilling centers of Attur,Namakkal and P. Velur cattle feed in being manufactured at the cattle feed plant at Salem the entire project has been funded by the National Dairy Development Board. ’ANAND† through the GOVT of Tamil nadu and the Co-operative Milk producer Federation. Milk is supplied of the feeder balancing Dairy either directly from nearly societies within a radium of approximate 1101 745 primary Milk Co-operative through 93 milk collection routes including B. M. C. These routes are pleased by hired milk trucks twice a day. Milk is received and processed at the feeder at the feeder balancing Dairy to ensure a year round marked for milk producer. When the milk reached the Union, the milk is processed through three plants. These three plants heat the milk between 72 C so those unwanted germs are killed. Then from the processed milk the Standardized milk is 3 lakh litres per day surplus milk produced during the flush season is converted to power for reconstitution during the lean season to ensure a year round available to the concept of feeder balancing dairy. 11 Milk also supplied to other district unions their times of necessary form this union besides to the supply to the TamilNadu Milk Producers Federation for Metro consumption. The Union’s major products are Standardized Butter,Ghee and Skim Miik Powder. The excess at from mik after standardized is converted to butter and ghee. The union has a 10-ton and a 30-tan power plant for production of milk powder. Besides skim powder, butter and ghee the union also manufactures popular products like palkhoa, flavoured milk, masala butter milk and ice cream for local consumer. These products have found a regular market locally. Milk powder, butter and ghee form this union is of the highest quality is in good demand in the up-country markets.

Definition and Examples of a Grammatical Category

Definition and Examples of a Grammatical Category A grammatical category is a class of units (such as noun and verb) or features (such as number and case) that share a common set of characteristics. They are the building blocks of language, allowing us to communicate with one another. There are no hard and fast rules for what defines these shared traits, however, making it difficult for linguists to agree on precisely what is and is not a grammatical category. As the linguist and author R.L. Trask put it, the term category in linguistics is so varied that no general definition is possible; in practice, a category is simply any class of related grammatical objects which someone wants to consider. That said, there are some strategies you can use to group words into categories based on how they function in the English language (think of parts of speech). Identifying Grammar Groups One of the simplest ways to create grammatical categories is by grouping words together based on their class. Classes are word sets that display the same formal properties, such as inflection or verb tense. Put another way, grammatical categories can be defined as sets of words with similar meanings (called semantics). There are two families of classes, lexical and functional. Nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, and adjectives fall into this class. Determiners, particles, prepositions, and other words denoting position or spatial relationships are part of the functional class. Using this definition, you can create grammatical categories like this:   Verbs denote actions (go, destroy, buy, eat,  etc.)Nouns denote entities (car, cat, hill, John,  etc.)Adjectives  denote states (ill, happy, rich,  etc.)Adverbs  denote manner (badly, slowly, painfully, cynically,  etc.)Prepositions  denote location (under, over, outside, in, on,  etc.) Grammar groups can be further divided, depending on a words defining properties. Nouns, for instance, can be further subdivided into  number,  gender,  case, and  countability. Verbs can be  subdivided  by tense,  aspect, or  voice. Grammar Tips Unless youre a linguist, you probably wont spend much time thinking about how words can be classified based on how they function in the English language. But just about anyone can identify basic parts of speech. Be careful, though. Some words have multiple functions, such watch, which can function as both a verb (Watch out over there!) and a noun (My watch is broken.). Other words, such as gerunds, may appear to be one part of speech (a verb) and yet function differently (as a noun). In these cases, youll need to pay close attention to the context in which such words are used in writing or speech. Sources David Crystal,  A Dictionary of Linguistics and Phonetics, 4th ed. Blackwell, 1997Thomas E. Payne,  Describing Morphosyntax: A Guide for Field Linguists. Cambridge University Press, 1997R.L. Trask,  Language and Linguistics: The Key Concepts, 2nd ed., ed. by Peter Stockwell. Routledge, 2007Laurel J. Brinton,  The Structure of Modern English: A Linguistic Introduction. John Benjamins, 2000Andrew Radford,  Minimalist Syntax: Exploring the Structure of English. Cambridge University Press, 2004

CJUS 310-DB4 Replies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

CJUS 310-DB4 Replies - Essay Example Further, you point out that mentors help adolescents perform certain tasks and as such, give them the direction they should adopt in life. While I do not disagree entirely with this argument, mentors play bigger roles in influencing the careers that the adolescents take. Some of the parents hire mentors to help their children perform certain tasks such as cooking and washing, among others. However, other mentors seek to influence positively the life of adolescents by providing them with information and knowledge on career choices, issues affecting them and how to overcome such challenges. Adolescents thus find it easy to confine in these individuals rather than other people. In your argument, you point out the various roles played by mentors in the society. According to your argument, â€Å"mentoring is a way to prevent delinquency.† While this is true, I seek to differ in that not only do mentorship reduce delinquency, but also play a big role in developing responsible adults in the society. It is inadequate classifying mentorship as only trying to prevent delinquency. Although adolescents face a myriad of issues, the reality is that some of them find ways of overcoming these challenges, and as such, are not victims of delinquency. Nevertheless, these require mentorship on how to mentor their peers and help them adopt safe lifestyles. Expecting for this, I agree with the argument that mentors have responsibilities. All mentors should be role models for the children in whichever capacity they serve. Subsequently, they should assume work that perfectly corresponds with their credentials. While some could be relatively educated and have relative jo bs, they could demonstrate the advantages of humbleness and the need for having plans in

Extra credit Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 5

Extra credit - Assignment Example entioned it clearly in the policy statement that it was â€Å"necessary and desirable that areas of unusual natural significance be set aside and preserved for the benefit of present and future generations†¦Once the areas have been destroyed, the areas cannot be wholly restored† (The Nature Conservancy, 2015). Development of the Mounds Lake Reservoir would also put the natural lands at risk, that the state has invested years of effort and money to build and protect for environmental beauty, health, and safety. There is possibility of development of a state water plan while it is established whether development of the Mounds Lake Reservoir is avoidable or unavoidable for being a public necessity. The water plan would yield information about the state’s water needs along with protecting the sustainability of the water sources. The material presented relates to a range of course topics in general and to the topics of biodiversity; population and community ecology; eco systems; and water quality, solid waste, and agriculture in

The Role of Nature Essay -- Nature Poetry Poet natural Essays

The Role of Nature Introduction Considering the history of literature, the conception of Nature seems to be a quite complex question. 'Nature' is not a concept that can be grasped easily and it often requires discussing some great philosophical conceptions like 'Pantheism' or 'Deism'. However, my paper will not deal in detail with such vast enquiries. I rather want to focus more accurately on how 'Nature' is used by Pope and Coleridge, respectively. With other words, I would like to analyse the function of the concept of 'Nature'. The fact is, that even if these poets do not exhaustively characterise ‘Nature’ itself, they employ it in a lot of different analogies and metaphors to articulate and embody for example ideas about 'morality' (Pope) or the intimate 'self' (Coleridge). My argument would be to show that in both cases, nature has a sort of epistemological function. The apprehension of nature, its perception or its examination leads to knowledge of something that is not directly obvious; one can name it God or the divine. Thus, to mention of nature is a kind of disclosure that guides us to be aware of some reality that is meta-physical. As a matter of fact, the ways Nature is described by Pope and by Coleridge are very different: Pope uses a sort of analogical technique, whereas Coleridge exploits the more suggestive power of metaphors. That point shows that, even though Nature has the same overall function, that is reveal something that is beyond the mere material world, the way it can and should be perceived is not the same. I would like to argue that Coleridge considers a sort of intuitive faculty, whereas Pope thinks that a reasonable examination of Nature unveils the divine order of the universe. The present analysis will spotlight Pope’s Essay On Man and Coleridge’s Rime of an Ancient Mariner. First, I want to show that Coleridge and Pope advocate a pantheistic and a deistic conception of Nature, respectively. This should be the general framework through which I will try to show some other differences. Then, in a second time, the use of a concept like â€Å"reason† will be analysed in regard to Pope’s Essay on Man. This step shows that even if Pope is a writer of the Enlightenment, the Age of Reason, he deeply condemns the arrogance that results of a pretentious use of reason. In fact, reason should therefore be seen as an important but... ...enis. S.T. Coleridge. Poà ¨me de l’expà ©rience vive. Grenoble: Ellug, 1992. Boulger, James D. ed. Twentieth Century Interpretations of The Rime of the Ancient Mariner. Englewood Cliffs: Prenctice-Hall, 1969. Crawford, Walter B. ed. Reading Coleridge. Approaches And Applications. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1979. Cutting-Gray, Joanne, SwearigenN, James E., â€Å"System, the Divided Mind, and the Essay on Man.† Studies in English Literature, 1500-1900, Vol. 32, No. 3, Restoration and Eighteenth Century. (Summer, 1992), p. 481. Fairer, David. The Poetry of Alexander Pope. London: Penguin Books, 1989. Fraser, George S. Alexander Pope. London: Routledge, 1978. Hill, John S. ed. A Coleridge Companion, London: Macmillan Press, 1983. Laird, John, â€Å"Pope’s Essay on Man.† The Review of English Studies, Vol. 20, No. 80. (Oct., 1944), p. 290. McFarland, Thomas. Coleridge and The Pantheist Tradition. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1969. Nuttall, A. D. Pope’s ‘Essay on Man’. London: George Allen & Unwin, 1984. Tillotson, Geoffrey. Pope And Human Nature. Oxford: Clarendon Press. Woodring, Carl. "Nature and Art in the Nineteenth Century." PMLA 92, no. 2 (1977): p. 193.

Sonnet 116

Sonnet 116 is about love in its most ideal form. It is praising the glories of lovers who have come to each other freely, and enter into a relationship based on trust and understanding. The first four lines reveal the poet's pleasure in love that is constant and strong, and will not â€Å"alter when it alteration finds. † The following lines proclaim that true love is indeed an â€Å"ever-fix'd mark† which will survive any crisis. In lines 7-8, the poet claims that we may be able to measure love to some degree, but this does not mean we fully understand it.Love's actual worth cannot be known – it remains a mystery. The remaining lines of the third quatrain (9-12), reaffirm the perfect nature of love that is unshakeable throughout time and remains so â€Å"ev'n to the edge of doom†, or death. In the final couplet, the poet declares that, if he is mistaken about the constant, unmovable nature of perfect love, then he must take back all his writings on love, truth, and faith. Moreover, he adds that, if he has in fact judged love inappropriately, no man has ever really loved, in the ideal sense that the poet professes.The details of Sonnet 116 are best described by Tucker Brooke in his acclaimed edition of Shakespeare's poems: [In Sonnet 116] the chief pause in sense is after the twelfth line. Seventy-five per cent of the words are monosyllables; only three contain more syllables than two; none belong in any degree to the vocabulary of ‘poetic' diction. There is nothing recondite, exotic, or metaphysical in the thought. There are three run-on lines, one pair of double-endings.There is nothing to remark about the rhyming except the happy blending of open and closed vowels, and of liquids, nasals, and stops; nothing to say about the harmony except to point out how the fluttering accents in the quatrains give place in the couplet to the emphatic march of the almost unrelieved iambic feet. In short, the poet has employed one hundred an d ten of the simplest words in the language and the two simplest rhyme-schemes to produce a poem which has about it no strangeness whatever except the strangeness of perfection. (Brooke, 234)

Chapter 3 The British Atlantic World - 1657 Words

Chapter 3: The British Atlantic World, 1660 - 1750 In June 1744, the Iroquois and representatives from Virginia, Maryland, and Pennsylvania met in Lancaster, Pennsylvania to resolve conflicts and negotiate on agreements. These meetings were called the Covenant Chain. At Lancaster, British colonists forced the Iroquois to agree to land agreements, and they also forced the Iroquois to assist them in a war against the French, to which the Iroquois, like Onondaga orator Canassatego, were forced to say yes. Similar to the French and Spanish colonies, the British allied with Native Americans to gain power in North America. Meanwhile, many Native American groups grouped together in what the British called â€Å"tribes† in order to counter population decline and have some political power. The colonies were mostly autonomous and part of the South Atlantic System, which brought them economic growth. Colonies to Empire, 1660 - 1713 England governed its colonies loosely before 1660, but after 1660, when the monarch was brought back, England tried to reinforce order in the colonies and allied with Native Americans to fight against other European countries. The Restoration Colonies and Imperial Expansion Charles II (reigned 1660 - 1685) helped to grow English power in the Americas and Asia through marriages, alliances, and land grants, essentially taking over land that other nations had once owned. The Carolinas Settlements of New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Carolina were owned byShow MoreRelatedThe Age of Revolutions1515 Words   |  7 Pagessignificances, and present a collaboration of evidence supporting the task of the book provided. The first chapter, written by Gary B. Nash, demonstrates some of the global impact of the American Revolution. â€Å"The American Revolution, with the lofty goals of its early years for recreating government and society, set off a wave of radical, even utopian, thinking where the water of the Atlantic tumbled ashore.† (Armitage, 1) Focusing on main figures of that time Nash provides accounts of other countriesRead MoreAmerica A Narrative History : Summary Statements1505 Words   |  7 PagesAmerica a Narrative History: Summary Statements Chapter 2: 1. By 1600, England’s feudal system was nearing extinction, as a new family (Tudor’s) came to power and wanted support from the middleclass and the establishment of new liberties for Englishman (i.e. trial by jury and no arrest without a warrant), which resulted in a large amount of local and self initiative to prosper in the community: yet many beggars now existed, culminating in an increased need for colonial expansion both for personalRead MoreHis103 Chap 3,4,5 Essay example935 Words   |  4 PagesHistory 103 – Quiz #2 – Chapter 3, 4, 5 Name _Cara Butler_____________ Date ___9/16/2012__________________ Essay Questions – All answers are worth 10 points. Two or three sentences in proper format should be sufficient. Be sure to answer all parts of the question. 1. Where and why did Spain establish colonies in North America, and how did native peoples resist colonization? Spain established colonies in Central America, the Caribbean islands, and Mexico to increase their wealth andRead MoreAfrican Voices : African American1551 Words   |  7 PagesAfrican Voices Chapter 1: When we hear the terms â€Å"slave† or â€Å"slave trade† the first thing that comes to mind is African Americans. Slave trade a term taught often in history classes has a meaning that has now become synonymous with African American. There term trade summons up images of exchanging goods for service. The sad truth is that this has not become a common sequence, almost like a math equation whose answer is always African American. Some useful ways to talk about slave trade is by restoringRead MoreAPWH Ch1306 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿AP WORLD HISTORY Chapter Processing Work INTRODUCTION Historical Thinking Skill Exercise: Periodization: Compare the author’s periodization in Parts One through Six to the Colleges Board’s historical periodization. How do the author’s dates and titles compare to the College Board’s? What explains the similarities and the differences? Why do you suppose the periodization in world history can be so controversial? UNIT 1 CHAPTER 1: Historical Thinking Skill Exercise: Historical Argumentation:Read MoreEnglish As A Global Language1701 Words   |  7 PagesChapter One Summary Mr. Crystal starts his informational book about English as a Global Language by giving examples of how often we see the english language around our daily lives in the United States and other countries around the world. He proves this by saying, â€Å"Wherever you travel, you see English signs and advertisements. Whenever you enter a hotel or restaurant in a foreign city, they will understand English, and there will always be an English manu.† I personally think this is an awesome exampleRead MoreThe Authors Of The American Pageant1950 Words   |  8 PagesSkill: Periodization- The authors of The American Pageant use 33,000 B.C.E. and 1769 C.E. as the beginnings and ending dates for â€Å"New World Beginnings.† but the first chronological period of study for the AP US History Exam is from 1491 to 1607, with the understanding that 1491 is a symbolic dates for pre-Columbian contacts in North America. As you read chapter 1, does 33,000 B.C.E., 1491, or some other date mak e the most sense to you as the beginning of this time period? Explain while citing relevantRead MoreStrategic Management: Strategic Directions Folloed by Virgin Atlantic4764 Words   |  20 PagesIntroduction of Company 3) External Environment 4) Company Financial Performance 5) Competitive Strategy 6) Strategic Direction of Development 7) Methods of Development 8) Conclusions and Recommendations 9) Resources 10) Appendices 1) Executive Summary This report aims to evaluate the current strategic directions followed by Virgin Atlantic. Initially we discussRead MoreLeadership in Business Richard Branson1570 Words   |  7 PagesNetherlands 2013 TABLE OF CONTENTS Title†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 1 Table of Contents†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.....†¦. 2 1. Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 3 1. Purpose†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 3 2. Background†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦.†¦ 3 2. Analysis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 4 2.1 Richard Branson†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦. 4 2.2 Characteristic†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦... 4 2.3 Competences and Styles†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦........ 5 2.4 Roles†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 6 2Read MoreThe Differences and Similarities Between the Trans-Atlantic and Trans-Saharan Slave Trade on the West Coast of Africa2856 Words   |  12 PagesThe African Slave Trade has affected a very large part of the world. This phenomenon has been described in many different ways, such as slave trade, forced migration and genocide. When people today think of slavery, many envision the form in which it existed in the United States before the American Civil War (1861-1865): one racially identifiable group owning and exploiting another. However, in other parts of the world, slavery has taken many different forms. In Africa, many societies recognized